Heart of the Art

Argyris explains that there are two types of learning; single-loop learning and double-loop learning. The type of learning that occurs in a system is dependent on the ways in which they think about and solve problems.

When systems deal with a problem by simply identifying it and modifying the immediate environment to provide a solution, they experience single-loop learning.

Double-loop learning occurs when systems learn about and change their underlying values, beliefs and assumptions. Argyris termed these underlying beliefs as governing variables. Schein in The Three Levels of Organisational Culture describes them as shared tacit assumptions. They are the hidden, unknown influences that affect the systems every thought and action.

In learning about their shared tacit assumptions or governing variables, systems then become able to understand the reasons that problems occur. This learning enables them to identify the things they need to change to overcome their problems. This is double-loop learning and this is how effective meaningful change takes place- through changing the cultural assumptions, values and beliefs that are at the heart of problems.

You can find out more at The Art of Change Making